What is an E. coli infection? And how can you prevent it?

E. coli is a type of bacteria that lives naturally in the intestines of humans and animals. However, some strains of E. coli produce toxins that can cause serious illness in humans, especially when contaminated foods are eaten. 

In this article, we will learn more about E. coli infection, its symptoms, causes, and how to prevent it. 

 

What is E. coli infection?

 

E. coli infection is a disease that occurs when harmful strains of E. coli bacteria enter the body, usually through the mouth. These strains produce toxins that affect the small intestine, causing symptoms of varying severity, ranging from mild diarrhea to bloody diarrhea, severe cramps, and dehydration. In rare cases, E. coli infection can cause serious complications such as kidney failure and hemolytic uremic syndrome ( HUS). 

 

Causes of E. coli infection

 

The main cause of E. coli infection is consuming food or drinks contaminated with E. coli bacteria. The most important sources of contamination include: 

 

• Undercooked meat: Especially ground meat, as bacteria can be contaminated from the outside in during the grinding process. 

• Unpasteurized milk: Raw, unsterilized milk may contain E. coli bacteria. 

• Raw fruits and vegetables: especially if they are contaminated with animal waste. 

• Contaminated water: Drinking water contaminated with the feces of infected animals can cause infection. 

• Direct contact with animals: Touching animals, especially calves, without washing your hands thoroughly can transmit bacteria. 

 

Symptoms of E. coli infection

 

Symptoms of E. coli infection vary from person to person, and depend on the type of bacteria strain and the amount of toxins produced. The most important symptoms are: 

 

• Diarrhea: May be watery or bloody, accompanied by abdominal cramps. 

• Abdominal pain: severe cramps in the abdominal area. 

• Nausea and vomiting. 

• Fever. 

• headache. 

• Loss of appetite. 

• General fatigue. 

 

Diagnosis of E. coli infection

 

E. coli infection is diagnosed by examining a stool sample for the presence of the bacteria. The doctor may also need to perform other tests to assess the patient's condition and assess the complications of the infection. 

 

E. coli infection treatment

 

In most cases, symptoms of E. coli infection improve on their own within a few days. However, some patients may require antibiotic treatment, especially in severe cases or in people with weakened immune systems. 

 

E. coli infection prevention

 

The best way to prevent E. coli infection is to follow good hygiene practices, including: 

 

Cook meat thoroughly: Meat, especially ground meat, should be cooked to an internal temperature that kills bacteria. 

Wash vegetables and fruits well before eating them: Vegetables and fruits must be washed well with running water. 

Drink safe water: Make sure the source of the water you drink is safe. 

Wash your hands thoroughly: Hands should be washed thoroughly with soap and water after using the toilet, before preparing food, and after handling animals. 

Avoid unpasteurized dairy products: Avoid drinking unpasteurized milk or eating cheeses made from it. 

 

E. coli infection is a common illness that can be prevented with good hygiene practices. If you suspect you have an E. coli infection, consult your doctor immediately for appropriate treatment. 

Because we care about your family's health, we always advise you to cook meat thoroughly and choose meat from reliable and approved places. We wish you continued health and wellness.